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1. [verwijderd] 23 augustus 2017 17:44

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   It is understood that LME nickel prices hit a new high. Stainless steel price might continue upward trend for coming September.
   
   LME nickel prices for 3-month closed at US$11,480/ton, standing highest in eight months since last December 13th .
   
   Apart from the Nickel price upward, Electric furnace factors also faced a sharp cost upward for the raw material of electrode bar.
   
   Another important factor is that the biggest stainless steel country China's price is increasing frantically, has been raised for more than US$200/ton in short term. 
   China's price trend has also given the market support to raise the price further.
   
   News Date 23 Aug 2017 15:51:43 yieh.news
   
   
2. voda 24 augustus 2017 17:12

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   AK Steel announces stainless steel price increase
   
   AK Steel announced that it will increase base prices for all of its stainless steel products, effective with shipments on September 3, 2017.
   
   Source : Strategic Research Institute
3. [verwijderd] 6 september 2017 10:19

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   Goooooooddd morning Amsterdam,
   
   Asian morning news 06-09-17.
   
   LONDON - Aluminium prices reached their highest since February 2013 on Friday as nickel carved out a new nine-month peak after further gains in steel prices and strong factory data in top metals consumer China.
   
   “The ferrous complex continues to lead the way for most of the base metals and other main drivers today are continued supply reforms and the data out of China,” said Gianclaudio Torlizzi, of consultancy T-Commodity in Milan.
   
   Chinese rebar steel futures jumped by as much a 6 percent, partly boosted by a fire at a blast furnace in China.
   
   Nickel and zinc markets are heavily influenced by steel prices since they are mainly used in the steel sector.
   
   Concerns that an environmental crackdown by Chinese authorities will create shortages have boosted aluminium prices, the top performer on London Metal Exchange this year with gains of 26 percent.
   
   Industrial metals prices were also lifted after data showed that China’s manufacturing activity expanded at the fastest pace in six months in August, despite expectations by some analysts that economic growth would slow in the second half.
   
   “We suspect the long hand of the Chinese government is behind this ... ahead of the plenum on Oct. 18,” Torlizzi said.
   
   China on Thursday set the October date for the start of the one-every-five-years congress for the ruling Communist Party.
   
   ALUMINIUM: LME benchmark aluminium traded 0.8 percent higher at $2,133 a tonne in official open outcry activity after touching $2,145, the highest since February 2013.
   
   CHINA SMOG: Aluminium was supported by news that China plans to conduct 15 rounds of inspections during its new campaign to curb smog during winter, evidence that authorities are serious about capacity cuts to reduce pollution.
   
   NICKEL: LME three-month nickel climbed 2.3 percent to trade at $12,075 a tonne in official rings, the highest since November 2016. Nickel is chiefly used in making stainless steel.
   
   COPPER: LME copper, untraded in official business, was bid up 0.3 percent at $6,810. The contract touched a peak of $6,872 on Thursday, the highest since September 2014.
   
   “Copper is long but the market keeps attempting to short it and get stopped,” Alastair Munro at broker Marex Spectron said in a note, adding that some players had taken bearish positions on Thursday in anticipation that LME stocks would climb.
   
   COPPER STOCKS: Copper inventories in LME-approved warehouses fell on Friday after a rise on Thursday, which interrupted weeks of falling stocks. Stocks have declined by about 30 percent over the past two months.
   
   PRICES: LME zinc was bid up 0.2 percent at $3,152 during official trading, lead was bid down 0.5 percent at $2,381 and tin was bid up 0.5 percent at $20,775.
   
4. [verwijderd] 6 september 2017 10:28

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   Sector ziet er veelbelovend uit.
   
   Copper
   Taking positive cues from global market and rising spot demand at the domestic markets, copper prices were higher by 0.50 per cent to Rs 451.85 per kg in futures trading today as speculators raised their bets.
   
   At the Multi Commodity Exchange, copper for delivery in far-month February next year contracts spurted by Rs 2.25, or 0.50 per cent to Rs 451.85 per kg in business turnover of 3 lots.
   Similarly, the metal for delivery in November contracts traded higher by Rs 2.10, or 0.47 per cent to Rs 447.10 per kg in three lots.
   
   Analysts attributed the rise in copper futures trade to a firm global trend.
   
   Moreover, pick up in demand at the domestic markets form consuming industries, too supported the upside, they said.
   
   Nickel
   Nickel prices moved up by 0.82 per cent to Rs 778.80 per kg in futures trading today as participants widened their bets, driven by pick up in demand in the spot market amid a firm global cues.
   
   At the Multi Commodity Exchange, nickel for delivery in October rose by Rs 6.30 or 0.82 per cent to Rs 778.80 per kg in a business turnover of 17 lots.
   
   Likewise, the metal for delivery in September traded higher by Rs 6.10 or 0.79 per cent to Rs 774.30 per kg in 668 lots.
   
   Analysts said traders enlarged position on the back of pick-up in demand from alloy-makers in the spot market and a better trend in base metals in global markets, influenced nickel prices to trade high at futures trade.
   Read more at:
   economictimes.indiatimes.com/articles...
5. voda 8 september 2017 17:10

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   Philippine wants to keep open-pit mining ban
   
   Gulf Times reported that Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte agreed with banning open-pit mining in the world’s top nickel ore exporter given the environmental damage it causes but would give mining firms time to find other ways to extract minerals.
   
   Mr Duterte said in a televised speech that the extraction process was a “dangerous environmental activity” and that he had asked Environment and Natural Resources Secretary Roy Cimatu “to look into the eventual closure of open-pit mining.” He said that “I agree with (former Environment Secretary) Gina Lopez that that has to stop some time. But I’ll give the mining companies enough elbow room... for eventual change in the modality of getting what’s inside the bowels of the earth.”
   
   Open-pit mining is allowed by the country’s mining law but Lopez banned it during her 10 months in office, saying it killed the economic potential of places where it was done.
   
   The ban was one of several measures Lopez imposed during a crackdown on the sector that included closing or suspending 26 of the country’s 41 mines. Lopez was replaced by Cimatu in May after she failed to be confirmed in her post by lawmakers.
   
   Cimatu said in July that he would not lift the open-pit ban but had yet to decide on the fate of shuttered mines.
   
   A ban would halt the USD 5.9 billion Tampakan copper-gold project in South Cotabato province in Mindanao island, the nation’s biggest stalled mining venture.
   
   Tampakan failed to take off after the province where it is located banned open-pit mining in 2010, prompting commodities giant Glencore Plc to quit the project in 2015.
   
   Source : Gulf Times
6. voda 13 september 2017 16:49

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   Indian stainless steel maker pitches for higher customs duty
   
   Business Standard reported that Indian domestic stainless steel industry seeks stronger support from the government as it hopes for an upward revision of basic customs duty for stainless steel, bringing it at par with duty on primary steel products, which currently attracts a 12.5% levy. Mr NC Mathur, independent director at Jindal Stainless (Hisar) told Business Standard "We are hoping that the government, would further support this industry in a similar manner as it has done for the carbon steel producers (primary steel makers) where they were protected with series of duties while we (stainless industry) were left high-and-dry.”
   
   He said "Stainless steel producers, just like primary steel producers also have exposure to banks and this duty will only place us in a better position to service our debt.”
   
   Currently, stainless steel imports draw a basic customs duty of 7.5 percent.
   
   Source : Business Standard
7. voda 21 september 2017 15:14

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   Nickel prices fall towards one-month lows
   
   News.com reported that nickel prices have fallen towards the one month lows hit last week as funds took profits, but concern about supplies from the Philippines and healthy demand, particularly from Chinese stainless steel mills, are expected to lend support. Benchmark nickel on the London Metal Exchange ended down 0.8% at USD 11,140 a tonne from an earlier USD 10,875.
   
   Societe Generale analyst Robin Bhar said that Last week it touched USD 10,845, its lowest since August 18 "Nickel rose about 40% between July and early September, overshooting to above USD 12,000. Speculators are selling.”
   
   He added that "We estimate marginal production costs at around USD 10,400/ USD 10,500, that will be an anchor for the downside. Demand from stainless and non-stainless applications is healthy."
   
   SPECS
   Analysts at Marex Spectron said that “Nickel has seen the speculative long decline from a high of 47 per cent of open interest on Sept. 6, to our latest estimate of 27 per cent of open interest, or 43,000 lots.” One nickel lot is 6 tonnes.
   
   PHILIPPINES
   Philippine lawmakers last month filed a bill seeking to ban mining in watershed areas and exports of unprocessed ores and require miners to get legislative approval before operating. The Philippines is the world's top nickel ore supplier.
   
   INDONESIA
   However, rising exports of nickel ore from Indonesia, another top producer, are expected to cap prices. To date, Indonesia has issued export permits for 8.2 million tonnes of annual nickel ore exports
   
   STAINLESS
   About two-thirds of global nickel demand, estimated at around 1.9 million tonnes, will be used to make stainless steel.
   
   STOCKS
   Nickel stocks in LME approved warehouses have held steady between 360,000 and 390,000 tonnes for much of this year, but lower cancelled warrants -- metal earmarked for delivery - are weighing on prices.
   
   Source : News.com
8. voda 22 september 2017 15:37

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   Nippon Steel shines OLEDs on paper-thin stainless steel
   Published on Fri, 22 Sep 2017
   
   Fraunhofer FEP, in cooperation with the Nippon Steel & Sumikin Materials Co Ltd (NSMAT) and Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation (NSSMC), has prototyped OLEDs using a paper-thin translucent stainless steel foil as a substrate. For several years now, stainless steel foil has been used in thin-film photovoltaics and batteries, and the substrate has been proven as a viable substrate for flexible electronic components.
   
   Compared to more conventional substrate materials such as glass or plastic web, stainless steel offers a better thermal conductivity.
   
   Thanks to a roll-to-roll compatible planarization layer developed by NSSMC, the good thermal conductivity of stainless steel makes it suitable to achieve homogenous large-area OLED lighting surfaces supporting current densities over 10 mA/cm2. What's more, stainless steel provides excellent barrier properties against environmental influences, effectively protecting OLEDs from water vapour and oxygen.
   
   Jun Nakatsuka, Manager of Business Development at NSMAT estimates that within three years from now, OLEDs designed on a stainless steel substrate could make their way into cars, as turn indicator and back-up lights, as cladding for fascia, and as advertising displays. The collaboration with NSMAT and NSSMC helped Fraunhofer FEP work out quality standards necessary for the future OLED fabrication, including the surface properties of the substrate.
   
   The OLED on stainless steel will be exhibited during aimcal 2017 in Tampa/USA.
   
   Source : EENEWS Europe
9. [verwijderd] 25 september 2017 19:48

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   US steel mills plan to raise stainless steel prices by the end of Sep
   
   It is reported that Carpenter Technology Corp., Universal Stainless and Alloy products INC. plans to raise the price of stainless steel product by about 3%-8% on September 30th and October 1st, respectively.
   
   Among them, Carpenter Technology Corp. announces this week that it will raise the price of all stainless steel products by about 3%-8%, starting September 30; Universal Stainless and Alloy products Inc. (USAP) will increase the price of stainless steel by about 5%, respectively.
   
   Source:yieh
   
   
10. voda 3 oktober 2017 16:51

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    US ITC to continue probe on stainless steel flanges imports from China and India
    
    The United States International Trade Commission has determined that there is a reasonable indication that a U.S. industry is materially injured by reason of imports of stainless steel flanges from China and India that are allegedly subsidized and sold in the United States at less than fair value.
    
    Source : Strategic Research Institute
11. [verwijderd] 13 oktober 2017 11:46

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    source: dailynewsuk.
    
    METALS-Nickel leads metal prices higher as China party meeting looms
    Reuters Staff
    4 MIN READ
    SYDNEY, Oct 13 (Reuters) - Nickel led across-the-board gains in Shanghai metals futures on Friday on bets China’s Communist Party congress next week will result in stronger demand for imports.
    
    The potential by China to accelerate or broaden moves to eliminate environmentally inefficient mines and metals plants to better meet international industrial standards following the meeting is seen as a potential boost for imports.
    
    China, the most important trading partner of more than 130 countries, is the world’s biggest greenhouse gas emitter.
    
    A weakened U.S. dollar and growing arbitrage opportunities, particularly in copper, were also fuelling gains, according to commodities traders, as premiums for copper held in China bonded zones have climbed by $9 this week to $74, the highest in more than two months. CU-BMPBW-SHMET
    
    “Nickel once again led the sector higher, as an ongoing curb on Chinese output continues to support prices,” ANZ said in a note. “However demand also remains strong, particularly from the alloys industries.”
    
    FUNDAMENTALS
    
    * LONDON NICKEL: Three-month nickel on the London Metal Exchange was up 0.2 percent at $11,420 a tonne by 0100 GMT, extending a 2.3-percent rise from the previous session.
    
    * SHANGHAI NICKEL: The most-traded nickel contract on the Shanghai Futures Exchange were 2.7 percent higher at 91,820 yuan ($13,942.75) a tonne.
    
    * PARTY MEETING OUTCOME: Many metals market participants are awaiting the outcome of China’s Communist Party congress next week, Capital Economics analyst Caroline Bain said, for an indication of broader policy initiatives and their implications for metals demand.
    
    * COPPER PRICES: Three-month LME copper was flat at $6,887 a tonne, after hitting an intraday one-month peak of $6,903 overnight. ShFE copper climbed more than 1 percent at the open.
    
    * COPPER STOCKS: Stocks of copper in LME warehouses MCU-STOCKS fell by another 1,025 tonnes, exchange data showed on Thursday. They are now down 9 percent from mid-September’s two-month peak.
    
    
12. voda 16 oktober 2017 17:17

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    Nickel price hits one month high
    Published on Mon, 16 Oct 2017
    
    Reuters reported that nickel prices hit a one month high on Friday on concerns China might order output cuts in the sector as it ramps up efforts to clean its skies, while aluminium rose on news a Chinese city had ordered capacity reductions.
    
    The city of Binzhou, home to top global aluminium maker China Hongqiao Group, has ordered 2.57 million tonnes of annual smelting capacity to be closed this winter.
    
    China's Communist Party Congress takes place next week and markets are growing concerned that Beijing will broaden efforts to eliminate more polluting mines and metal plants, especially during the winter months.
    
    Mr Warren Patterson, commodities strategist at ING said that "The China environmental cuts are definitely having an impact. The concern is it could spread across the industry. On the nickel side there's been reports we may see capacity cuts in nickel pig iron in China.” He added that "The global economy is ticking along, China's come back from holidays a bit more bullish, every data point we see out of China, out of the U.S., out of Europe, looks fairly positive."
    
    China's import and export growth accelerated in September, data showed, suggesting the economy is still expanding at a healthy pace despite widespread forecasts of an eventual slowdown.
    
    NICKEL PRICE: Three-month nickel on the London Metal Exchange climbed 2.2% to USD 11,650, having hit a one-month high of USD 11,655, extending a 2.3% rise from the previous session.
    
    OTHER METAL PRICES: Aluminium rose 0.9% to USD 2,165.50 a tonne, copper rose 0.1% to USD 6,896, having hit a month high of USD 6,910, while zinc was flat at USD 3,251.
    
    Source : Reuters
13. voda 18 oktober 2017 17:12

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    Malaysia imposes anti-dumping tariffs on stainless steel imports from Taiwan
    
    Focus Taiwan reported that Malaysia has imposed anti-dumping tariffs on steel companies from four countries, including Taiwan, after accusing them of selling their cold rolled stainless steel products at unfairly low prices. Taiwan's Ministry of Economic Affairs Bureau of Foreign Trade said that Malaysia's Ministry of International Trade and Industry issued a preliminary ruling on Oct. 11 accusing steel firms from Taiwan, China and South Korea and Thailand of unfair trade practices.
    
    Malaysia said the companies were dumping their cold rolled stainless steel in the Malaysian market, and hit Taiwanese companies with anti-dumping duties ranging between 13.77-52.17%, starting from October 12. The provisional punishment will continue until February 8, 2018
    
    Malaysian authorities are scheduled to come up with a final decision on the case 120 days after the preliminary ruling was issued, the BOFT said.
    
    Among the six affected Taiwanese steel companies that were the respondents in the case, Chien Shing Stainless Steel Co was hit with the highest tariff of 52.17 percent, while Walsin Lihwa Corp faces the lowest 13.77 percent tariff, the BOFT said.
    
    Other Taiwanese companies not among the six respondents to the case that sell cold rolled stainless steel products to Malaysia will have the 52.17 percent anti-dumping duty assessed on their products, the BOFT added.
    
    According to the BOFT, Malaysia launched an investigation into the alleged unfair trading practices of steel exporters from the four countries in May after they were accused of dumping their products in Malaysia from October 2015 to September 2016.
    
    Taiwan sold US$47.76 million and US$28.63 million worth of cold rolled stainless steel to Malaysia in 2015 and 2016, accounting for 41.15 percent and 39.35 percent of the country's total imports of those products during the two years, the BOFT said, citing Malaysian customs statistics.
    
    Because Malaysia is an important market for Taiwan's cold rolled stainless steel exporters, the move to impose anti-dumping duties will present a challenge to Taiwanese companies eyeing the Malaysian market, the BOFT said.
    
    The BOFT said it will continue to provide subsidies to Taiwanese steel companies for their legal expenses in dealing with Malaysia's ongoing investigation into the stainless steel dumping case.
    
    (By Liao Yu-yang and Frances Huang)
    Enditem/ls
    
    Source : Focus Taiwan
14. voda 20 oktober 2017 14:31

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    Heel veel nickel nieuws!
    
    Production, usage and prices
    
    www.insg.org/prodnickel.aspx
15. voda 20 oktober 2017 14:49

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    Global nickel market deficit widens to 6,700 tonnes in August - INSG
    
    Reuters reported that global market for nickel swung into a wider deficit of 6,700 tonnes in August from the month before. Data from the International Nickel Study Institute showed that global refined nickel production was unchanged for the month at 176,800 tonnes, while demand grew to 183,500 tonnes, from 182,500 tonnes the month earlier. July's deficit was revised up to 5,700 tonnes from 4,700 tonnes.
    
    Source : Reuters
16. voda 26 oktober 2017 11:55

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    Winstdaling voor Outokumpu
    
    Sectorgenoot Aperam heeft problemen met grondstoffenvoorraden en leveranciers.
    
    (ABM FN-Dow Jones) Outokumpu heeft in het derde kwartaal flink minder winst behaald vanwege voorradenproblemen en door leveranciersproblemen. Dit maakte de Finse producent van roestvast staal donderdag bekend.
    
    De sectorgenoot van Aperam boekte een aangepast EBITDA resultaat van 56 miljoen euro. Dat is flink lager dan de 116 miljoen euro in dezelfde periode van 2016 en de 199 miljoen euro die in het tweede kwartaal werd verdiend.
    
    "Behalve de typische dip in het derde kwartaal, werd de winstgevendheid ook gedrukt door lage productievolumes van ferrochroom, evenals de aan grondstoffen gerelateerde timing- en hedging effecten. Productieproblemen met externe leveranciers in Noord- en Zuid-Amerika had een opvallend negatieve impact op de winstgevendheid", zei de Nederlandse topman Roeland Baan.
    
    De omzet bedroeg afgelopen kwartaal 1,5 miljard euro, ten opzichte van 1,4 miljard euro een jaar terug en 1,7 miljard euro in het tweede kwartaal van dit jaar. Het staalbedrijf leverde 623.000 ton staal af, wat min of meer gelijk was als in het tweede kwartaal en 15.000 ton staal meer was dan in het derde kwartaal van 2016.
    
    Onder aan de streep bleef een nettoverlies over van 27 miljoen euro. In het derde kwartaal van vorig jaar resulteerde juist een winst van 13 miljoen dollar.
    
    De nettoschuld daalde naar 1,13 miljard euro en daarmee is Outokumpu dichter in de buurt gekomen van de doelstelling om de schuld te verlagen tot minder dan 1,1 miljard euro aan het einde van dit jaar.
    
    Outlook
    
    De Finnen verwachten dat de onderliggende vraag naar roestvast staal in het vierde kwartaal zowel in Europa als in de Verenigde Staten gezond zal blijven. In Amerika wordt wel rekening gehouden met een seizoensgebonden vertraging. De verkochte staalvolumes in Europa zullen in de laatste drie maanden naar verwachting even hoog zijn als in het derde kwartaal.
    
    Outokumpu zei dat de winstgevendheid in het vierde kwartaal zal worden gedrukt door aanvullende onderhoudskosten van circa 30 miljoen euro. De onderneming verwacht dat de aangepaste EBITDA dit kwataal hoger uit zal komen dan in het afgelopen kwartaal.
    
    Door: ABM Financial News.
    
    info@abmfn.nl
    
    Redactie: +31(0)20 26 28 999
    
    Copyright ABM Financial News. All rights reserved
    
    (END) Dow Jones Newswires
17. voda 26 oktober 2017 15:46

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    Imperial College 3D printed stainless steel bridge to be installed in the Netherlands
    Published on Thu, 26 Oct 2017
    
    Slash Gear reported that researchers at the Imperial College London are working with a 3D printing company called MX3D to create the world’s largest 3D printed metal structure. The structure is a footbridge that will be installed in the Netherlands in late 2018. The bridge will cross the Oudezijds Achterburgwal canal in Amsterdam.
    
    Once open the bridge will be used by pedestrians and cyclists. The bridge will have a vast sensor network installed on it by structural engineers, mathematicians, computer scientists, and statisticians working in The Alan Turing Institute-Lloyd’s Register Foundation program in data-centric engineering. All the sensors will be used to collect data on the bridge like strain, displacement, and vibration.
    
    The sensors will also be able to measure environmental factors like air quality and temperature. Together all the sensors will allow the monitoring of the health of the bridge in real time and monitoring of how the bridge changes over time. The detailed sensor data will be used to create a digital twin of the bridge
    
    The insights gleaned from the sensor array will be used in future 3D printed structures. The performance of the real bridge can be tested with the digital model and it will allow the bridge to be modified for safety if needed.
    
    The scientists have announced that the data captured by the sensors on the bridge will be made open for research. MX3D has launched an open call that closes in February 2018 to get ideas for how to use the data it is collecting.
    
    Source : Slash Gear

    Bijlage:
18. voda 26 oktober 2017 15:49

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    Major umbilical tubing order to Sandvik
    
    Sandvik has signed a contract for the supply of stainless steel tubes required for 250 kilometers of umbilicals, linking a subsea development to an existing offshore platform. The contract value is approximately 700 MSEK and deliveries will take place from the end of 2017 and during first half of 2018.
    
    "We are proud to have been selected as the umbilical tube supplier for this prestigious contract which confirms our position as the leading producer of steel tubes for umbilicals”, says Michael Andersson, Head of Product Area Tube within Sandvik Materials Technology.
    
    Umbilical systems are connections used to transport energy, data and liquids between oil and gas installations on the seafloor to offshore facilities or platforms.
    
    The parties have agreed to not disclose the name of the project or customer at this point.
    The order is booked during the fourth quarter 2017.
    Stockholm, 24 October 2017
    
    www.home.sandvik/en/news-and-media/ne...
19. voda 30 oktober 2017 16:58

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    Outokumpu - Third-quarter earnings burdened by raw material-related losses. Group adjusted EBITDA at EUR 56 million
    
    Outokumpu Oyj
    Interim statement
    October 26, 2017 at 12.00 pm EET
    
    Highlights in the third quarter of 2017
    
    Outokumpu’s third-quarter adjusted EBITDA amounted to EUR 56 million, compared to EUR 116 million in the third quarter of 2016. Despite successful cost reductions, higher base prices in Europe and increased deliveries in the Americas, profitability declined year-on-year due to raw material-related inventory and metal derivative losses of EUR 41 million (gains of EUR 6 million)1, as well as due to third-party supplier production issues in the Americas. The reference period includes a positive impact from a reversal of credit loss allowances of EUR 22 million.
    Stainless steel deliveries were 623,000 tonnes (608,000 tonnes).
    Adjusted EBITDA2 was EUR 56 million (EUR 116 million).
    EBITDA was EUR 62 million (EUR 119 million).
    Adjusted EBIT3 was EUR 2 million (EUR 38 million).
    EBIT was EUR 9 million (EUR 40 million).
    Operating cash flow was EUR 126 million (EUR 61 million).
    Net debt decreased to EUR 1,130 million (June 30, 2017: EUR 1,239 million).
    Gearing was 44.4% (June 30, 2017: 48.4%).
    Return on capital employed (ROCE) was 12.4% (9.3%).
    
    Highlights during the first nine months of 2017
    
    Stainless steel deliveries were 1,887,000 tonnes (1,848,000 tonnes).
    Adjusted EBITDA was EUR 549 million (EUR 211 million).
    EBITDA was EUR 580 million (EUR 227 million).
    Adjusted EBIT was EUR 384 million (EUR 18 million).
    EBIT was EUR 415 million (EUR 34 million).
    Operating cash flow was EUR 223 million (EUR 190 million).
    1) Figures in parentheses refer to the corresponding period for 2016, unless otherwise stated.
    2) EBITDA excluding items classified as adjustments. Adjustments are material income and expense items such as restructuring costs, and gains or losses on sale of assets or businesses.
    3) EBIT excluding items classified as adjustments. 
    
    Voor meer, zie link:
    
    www.outokumpu.com/en/news-events/pres...
20. voda 1 november 2017 20:59

    auteur info

    • voda

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    3D printing doubles the strength of stainless steel
    Published on Wed, 01 Nov 2017
    
    Science Mag reported that 3D printing has taken the world by storm, but it currently works best with plastic and porous steel materials too weak for hard-core applications. Now, researchers have come up with a way to 3D print tough and flexible stainless steel, an advance that could lead to faster and cheaper ways to make everything from rocket engines to parts for nuclear reactors and oil rigs.
    
    Stainless steel was first invented nearly 150 years ago, and it remains widely popular today. It’s made by melting conventional steel itself a combination of iron and carbon (and sometimes other metals like nickel) and adding in chromium and molybdenum, which prevent rust and corrosion. A complex series of cooling, reheating, and rolling steps gives the material a microscopic structure with tightly packed alloy grains and thin boundaries between the grains that create a cell-like structure. When the metal is bent or stressed, planes of atoms in the grains slide past one another, sometimes causing crystalline defects to connect with each other producing fractures. But strong boundaries can halt these defects, making the material tough, yet still flexible enough to be formed into a desired shape.
    
    3D printing researchers have long tried to reproduce this structure. Their setup starts with a powdery layer of metal alloy particles laid on a flat surface. A computer-controlled, high-powered laser beam then advances back and forth across the surface. Particles hit by the laser melt and fuse together. The surface then drops down a step, another layer of powder is added, and the laser heating process repeats, binding the newly melted material to the layer below. By repeating this tier-by-tier addition, engineers can build complex shapes, such as rocket engines.
    
    The problem has been that, on a microscopic level, printed stainless steels are usually highly porous, making them weak and prone to fracture. “The performance has been awful,” says Yinmin “Morris” Wang, a materials scientist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. Several years ago, Wang and his colleagues came up with an approach for using lasers and a rapid cooling process to fuse metal alloy particles together in a dense, tightly packed structure.
    
    Now, they’ve extended that work by designing a computer-controlled process to not only create dense stainless steel layers, but to more tightly control the structure of their material from the nanoscale to micron scale. That allows the printer to build in tiny cell wall–like structures on each scale that prevent fractures and other common problems. Tests showed that under certain conditions the final 3D printed stainless steels were up to three times stronger than steels made by conventional techniques and yet still ductile, the scientists report today in Nature Materials.
    
    Mr Rahul Panat a mechanical engineer at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania said that “What they have done is really exciting.” What’s more, Panat said is that Wang and his colleagues used a commercially available 3D printer and laser to do the work. That makes it likely that other groups will be able to quickly follow their lead to make a wide array of high-strength stainless steel parts for everything from fuel tanks in airplanes to pressure tubes in nuclear power plants. And that, in turn, will likely only increase the growing fervor over 3D printing.
    
    Source : Science Mag

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