Energie Terug naar discussie overzicht

Hydro Power

1. voda 10 september 2012 16:30

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   Korean firms to invest USD 3 billion in hydropower projects
   
   The News reported that in a step towards the setting up hydropower projects in Pakistan, Korean firms have been selected to construct two mega hydropower projects. These are the 665 MW Lower Palas Valley project and the 496 MW Lower Spat Gah project with a cumulative generation capacity of 1,161 MW in a public private partnership.
   
   A senior official that “The Korean firm K-Water will construct the Lower Palas Valley Hydropower Project while a consortium of two other Korean companies, namely Komipo and Posco will implement the Lower Spat Gah Hydropower Project.”
   
   The Korean firms will bring in an investment of approximately three billion dollars for the construction of these projects with USD 1.6 billion for the Lower Palas Valley project and USD 1.4 billion for the Lower Spat Gah project.
   
   Mr Shakil Ahmad Durrani chairman of Wapda confirmed that the Korean firms would invest USD 3 billion in the 2 projects. This demonstrates the level of confidence reposed in Wapda by financial institutions regarding the implementation of projects.
   
   Mr Durrani said that a formal agreement between the government of Pakistan and the Korean firms will be signed in a few weeks. This will be the first time in the history of Pakistan that hydropower projects of such magnitude will be constructed in a public private partnership. This will open a new window of opportunity regarding financial arrangements for other hydropower projects.
   
   As per details of the financial arrangements, 80% of the cost of these 2 projects will be funded through debt arranged by the Korean firms. The remaining 20% will be in the form of equity, a quarter of which will be arranged by the public sector including the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government and Wapda while the remaining will be arranged by the Korean firms.
   
   Source - The News.com
   
2. voda 18 september 2012 16:47

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   Chinese hydropower output surges in July and August
   
   Interfax-China quoted the State Electricity Regulatory Commission said China hydropower output surged in July and August on higher than normal rainfall over the period.
   
   According to the SERC, July hydropower output jumped 33.9%YoY to 91.6 terawatt hours while output in August rose 45.1% on an annual basis to 89.6 TWh. Output in the first eight months topped 468.5 TWh, up 20.9 percent from a year earlier.
   
   Mr Liu Liye a hydropower researcher said “Hydropower is the biggest renewable energy source in China and will remain a key priority as the government focuses on reducing the use of fossil fuels in the energy mix.”
   
   He said that “Nevertheless, hydropower is not a stable power source and production fluctuates with rainfall levels. Hydropower output in 2011 declined 5%YoY amid the biggest drought in decades which contributed to the major power shortages last year.
   
   He added that “As a result China will continue to rely on stable thermal power as the main power supply source.”
   
   China aims to raise installed hydropower capacity from 230 gigawatts at the end of 2011 to 290 GW by 2015.
   
   Source - Interfax-China
   
   
3. voda 30 oktober 2012 19:23

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   Alcoa Participates in the Inauguration of Estreito Hydro Power Plant in Brazil
   
   Alcoa joined with Brazilian business and government dignitaries including President Mr Dilma Rousseff, in the inauguration of the 1087 MW Estreito hydroelectric power plant in Brazil. The power plant was developed by the Estreito Power Consortium, comprised of Alcoa, Tractebel Energia, Vale and Intercement. With the Estreito facility Alcoa will be 70% energy self-sufficient in Brazil.
   
   Mr Franklin L Feder regional CEO of Alcoa Latin America & Caribbean said that "Our investment in the Estreito power plant is an important part of our strategy for seeking competitiveness for our operations in Brazil, since energy is a fundamental input in the aluminum industry. The inauguration of Estreito is ratification of Alcoa's commitment to Brazil and is a practical demonstration of how the company is playing its part."
   
   Mr Ricardo Sayao director of energy for Alcoa Latin America & Caribbean said that "The 5 years were full of challenges on this huge project which in addition to supplying power for the whole of Brazil and for Alcoa's plants for the next few decades will stimulate regional development.”
   
   Source - Alcoa
   
4. voda 3 november 2012 17:14

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   Kambarata Hydropower plant 1 is necessary for Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan
   
   Kazakhstan Today reported that first of all Kyrgyzstan's Kambarata Hydropower plant-1 is necessary for Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
   
   Mr Almazbek Atambayev president of Kyrgyzstan said that Kambarata -1 was designed to regulate water flow, 24.kilogram reports. Our nearest neighbors are interested in water for irrigation. In winter, we will exploit Kambarata-1 by accumulating water in the Toktogul Reservoir and in spring we will be able to give it to Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. We will prove that the project is not a threat and will help farmers in Fergana Valley with irrigation."
   
   Mr Almazbek Atambayev said that if someone from neighboring countries is willing to join the project, Kyrgyzstan and Russia will accept them. We are open for cooperation. In addition, Kazakhstan has expressed a desire to participate in the construction of Kambarata 1. We should be friends and work together with neighbors. We do not have any malicious intent."
   
   Source - Kazakhstan Today
   
5. voda 2 december 2012 16:36

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   Iranian hydroelectric power generation capacity stands at 10 GW
   
   Tehran Times reported that the power generation capacity of Iran’s hydroelectric power plants stands currently at 9.5 GW. The actual output of the power plants is 7.6 GW.
   
   In October, Mr Majid Salehi MD of Iran Power Development Company said that Iran’s national power generation capacity will be boosted by around 4GW by the third calendar month of Tir (June 21-July 21) next year.
   
   He said that 20 power plants with the total output of 9.5GW are projected to be built. Some IRR 40 trillion will be allocated to the projects in the first phase. The projects are scheduled to be completed by March 2015.
   
   Mr Majid Namjou energy minister of Iran has said that Iran’s power generation capacity is currently about 67GW. The Energy Ministry plans to increase the electricity generation capacity by 5 GW this calendar year.
   
   He said that by the end of the Fifth Five Year Economic Development Plan (March 2016), Iran will boost its electricity generation capacity by 25 GW to reach 73 GW. Iran currently trades power with Turkey, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iraq.
   
   Source - Tehran Times
   
6. voda 12 december 2012 20:13

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   China bouwt wereldwijd 300 dammen
   
   Door: redactie
   12-12-12 - 16:53 bron: IPS
   
   China is wereldwijd betrokken bij de bouw van meer dan driehonderd damprojecten in zeventig landen. De dammen vormen lokaal vaak een ernstige bedreiging voor het ecologisch systeem.
   
   De cijfers zijn afkomstig van de niet-gouvernementele organisatie International Rivers (IR). Volgens IR is China betrokken bij 308 hydro-elektrische projecten in 70 landen.
   
   De dammen worden vaak afgeschilderd als groene projecten omdat ze hernieuwbare energie produceren. Maar ze hebben vaak een zware ecologische impact op rivieren, en als ze in tropische gebieden gebouwd worden, zijn ze bovendien verantwoordelijk voor een aanzienlijke uitstoot van CO2.
   
   Internationale richtlijnen
   Bijna de helft van de dammen is gepland in Zuidoost-Azië, 28 procent in Afrika en 8 procent in Latijns-Amerika. De Chinese aannemers en financiële instellingen achter de projecten hebben meestal geen milieurichtlijnen aangenomen die stroken met de internationale standaarden, zegt IR.
   
   De organisatie geeft voorbeelden zoals de Gibe III-dam in Ethiopië, de Bukandam in Maleisië en de Merowedam in Soedan. Bij de bouw van die laatste moesten vijftigduizend mensen onder dwang verhuizen. Protest werd op brutale wijze in de kiem gesmoord, zegt IR. Er vielen verschillende doden en gewonden.
   
   
   www.ad.nl/ad/nl/1013/Buitenland/artic...
7. voda 15 december 2012 16:30

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   Moser Baer gets nod for 120 MW hydro project in Himachal
   
   PTI reported that Moser Baer Projects has received the final approval from the Central Electricity Authority for its 120 MW Miyar hydro plant in Himachal Pradesh and construction is expected to start in April next year.
   
   An integrated power company, Moser Baer Projects Private Ltd has interests in solar, hydro and thermal generation areas, among others.
   
   Mr Ratul Puri chairman of MBPPL said that “We have received the final approval from the Central Electricity Authority for our 120 MW Miyar hydro project. The construction is expected to start around April.”
   
   CEA, the nodal agency for planning activities in the power sector, has consented to issue Technical Concurrence for the project.
   
   The project having three units of 40 MW capacity each is coming up at Lahaul in Himachal Pradesh.
   
   Mr Puri said that “Miyar project would see an investment of about INR 900 crore and would be funded in the debt to equity ratio of 75:25.”
   
   He said that the equity contribution would be around INR 250 crore.
   
   According to him, necessary investigative work has been done to minimize geological risks for the project.
   
   Source – PTI
   
8. voda 20 december 2012 17:10

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   6 Hydro Power Project await environmental clearance
   
   Mr Jyotiradita M Scindia minister of Power said that Construction of 6 Hydro Electric Power Projects is held up due to absence of Environment clearance, which are pending with Ministry of Environment & Forests.
   
   MoEF accords Environment clearance to Power Projects as per defined procedures laid down through various Notifications issued by them from time to time. At times, concerns have been expressed by CPSEs regarding non receipt of timely Environmental clearance. The status of Environment clearance for Power Projects is being monitored regularly by Ministry of Power. Regular interaction is also held by MoP with MoEF for expediting the clearances. The CPSEs and other projects developers are also pursuing the matter at the appropriate level to get the clearance expedited. The specific issues pertaining to Environment clearance are also taken up at various fora for resolution.
   
   Government of India approved Restructured Accelerated Power Development and Reforms Program as a Central Sector Scheme in July, 2008.
   
   So far, under R-APDRP, projects worth INR 32323.70 crores. Part-A: INR 6638.79 crores covering 1402 towns and 63 SCADA projects in 63 towns; Part-B: INR 25684.91 crores in 1132 towns have been sanctioned. Cumulatively an amount of INR 6304.96 crores. has been disbursed under R-APDRP, for sanctioned projects.
   
   For the State of Rajasthan, under R-APDRP, projects worth INR 2007.31 crore have been sanctioned and a sum of INR 371.13 crores. has been disbursed for implementation of projects.
   
   Source – PIB
   
9. voda 16 januari 2013 17:03

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   BHEL commissions hydro power plant in Tajikistan
   
   PTI quoted BHEL as saying that a renovated hydro power plant project with enhanced generation capacity has been commissioned in Tajikistan.
   
   BHEL has completed the renovation, modernization & uprating of the 2x4.75 MW Varjob hydro power plant at Barki Tojik in Tajikistan. The project is funded by the Indian Government.
   
   The company which had supplied the complete electro-mechanical package for the project enhanced the capacity from two units of 3.67 MW to 4.75 MW each. Both the units have achieved up rated full load and are running successfully following the RMU job.
   
   BHEL in a statement said that “The successful completion of this project by BHEL will help in strengthening business relations between India and Tajikistan and open a new market for India in Tajikistan.”
   
   It said that “It also reflects BHEL’s continued support to Tajikistan’s vision to develop its hydro energy sector which constitutes four per cent of the world’s total hydro resources.”
   
   The statement said that “Other BHEL hydro installations overseas include Thailand, Malaysia, New Zealand, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Nepal and Bhutan. BHEL is also currently executing hydro projects in Rwanda, Afghanistan, Vietnam, DR Congo and Bhutan.”
   
   Source - PTI
   
10. voda 20 januari 2013 14:45

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    BHEL bags 720 MW hydroelectric project in Bhutan
    
    Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited has achieved another significant landmark by securing a major contract for the electro-mechanical equipment package for a 720 MW (4x170 MW) Hydroelectric project in Bhutan.
    
    The order envisages manufacture, supply, erection and commissioning of the electro mechanical equipment for the 720 MW Mangdechhu Hydroelectric project.
    
    The value of the contract is INR 5,940 million plus Balance of Plant on cost plus basis, with which, the total contract value will be in the range of INR 7,300 Million to INR 7,500 Million.
    
    The project is being set-up under a bilateral agreement between the Government of India, and the Royal Government of Bhutan.
    
    The order has been placed on BHEL by Mangdechhu Hydroelectric Project Authority (MHPA), Bhutan. Significantly, after Punatsangchhu-I & II projects, this is BHEL’s third consecutive contract for the main electro-mechanical package in Bhutan and reflects the customer's confidence in BHEL's technological excellence and capabilities in the execution of power projects of this magnitude.
    
    BHEL has successfully installed its electro-mechanical equipment in Chhukha (336 MW), Kurichhu (60 MW) and Tala (1020 MW) hydroelectric projects in Bhutan. These projects account for 95% of the total power generating capacity in Bhutan
    
    Source - BHEL
    
11. voda 31 januari 2013 16:44

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    WISCO wins tender for Kajiwa Hydropower Station
    
    Hubei Province based Chinese steelmaker Wuhan Iron and Steel Co announced that it has won a tender to supply steel pressure pipes and pressure plates for Kajiwa Hydropower Station located on the Muli River in Sichuan Province which is run by the state owned China Huadian Corporation.
    
    This is the first time that WISCO’s steel pressure pipes will be supplied to a hydropower station operated by China Huadian Corporation. Kajiwa Hydropower Station will have an installed capacity of 440 MW and is expected to commence production operations on March 31st 2014.
    
    Source - Visit www.steelorbis.com for more
    
12. voda 5 februari 2013 16:33

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    BHEL synchronizes 100 MW hydro power plant in Vietnam
    
    Bharat Heavy Electricals has commissioned a 100 MW hydro power generating set in Vietnam. The first unit of 100 MW was successfully commissioned at the 2x100 MW Nam Chien Hydro Power Project in Vietnam.
    
    BHEL had made its maiden entry in the rapidly growing Vietnamese Hydro Power Sector by winning the contract for Nam Chien Hydro Power Project in Vietnam. The order had been placed on BHEL by Nam Chien Hydropower joint stock company of Vietnam, a joint stock company with Song Da Corporation 1 of the largest companies under the ministry of construction and Petro Vietnam the state owned giant oil and gas group as major stakeholders.
    
    Funded by the Government of India's Line of Credit to the Government of Vietnam and administered by the Exim Bank of India the contract envisaged design, engineering, manufacture, supply and supervision of installation and commissioning of the complete Electro mechanical equipment package for the hydro power project comprising 2 Pelton type hydro generating units of 100 MW each. The major equipment supplied for the project includes hydro turbines, generators, transformers, controls, monitoring and protection system and switchgear.
    
    Source - IRIS
    
13. voda 10 februari 2013 16:38

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    Hydro Projects Worth 2500 MW accorded clearance
    
    1. The Hydro Projects worth 2500 MW across various states have been accorded clearance by the Forest Advisory Committee of M/o Environment & Forest.
    
    2. The projects include Tawang-II H.E. Project (800 MW) in Arunachal Pradesh, Teesta-IV H.E. Project (520 MW) in Sikkim to be executed by NHPC Limited and Luhri HE Project (775 MW) in Himachal Pradesh to be executed by Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited. The National Board for Wild Life has accorded wild life clearance to Vishnugad Pipalkoti HE Project (444 MW) in Uttarakhand to be executed by THDC India Limited subject to clearance by the State Board of Wild Life.
    
    3. The clearance have been pending for a long time. The way is straight clear in tapping the hydro potential of the country to meet the country’s power needs.
    
    4. Separately, the MoEF has recently granted Stage-I forest clearance to eight transmission projects and Stage-II forest clearance to two transmission projects of the Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd.
    
    5. The MoEF, vide an order dated 5th February, 2013, has exempted certain linear projects including transmission lines from the requirement of obtaining consent of the concerned Gram Sabha unless recognised rights of Primitive Tribal Groups/Pre-Agricultural Communities are being affected. However, all other conditions as prescribed in the MoEF's earlier order dated August 3rd 2009 would apply. This would help transmission projects obtain clearances faster.
    
    Source - PIB
    
14. voda 12 maart 2013 17:08

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    Abandoned iron ore mine to become a 400 MW hydro plant
    
    Renew Economy reported that looking to put an abandoned, open pit iron mine to good use, Toronto’s Northland Power intends to transform the former Bethlehem Steel site between Ottawa and Toronto into a 400 MW pumped hydro power storage facility.
    
    Doing so would entail creating a waterfall nearly 5 times the height of Niagara Falls.
    
    A developer of clean, green energy projects, Northland Power believes the Marmora Pumped Storage project will facilitate energy storage and the integration of wind and solar power generation onto Ontario’s grid, and enable the company to pocket the difference between peak and off peak electricity prices along the way.
    
    Ontario’s been leading the way forward in renewable energy deployment in Canada, with passage of the Green Energy and Green Economy Act, 2009 ushering in North America’s first renewable energy feed-in tariff.
    
    Mining iron ore mining in particular has been central to life in the town of Marmora, Canada since it was first settled in 1820. Being the first iron mining community in Upper Canada, the settlement’s original name Marmora Iron Works belies the prominent role iron ore mining has played in the town’s existence.
    
    Bethlehem Steel revitalized iron ore mining in Marmora in 1953, when it began exploiting a magnetitie ore body that was discovered by a Canadian government aeromagnetic survey in 1948. Excavating an open pit mine some 213 meters deep across an area of 75 acres, Bethlehem Steel closed the mine down in 1978, leaving behind a vast open pit and mountainous heaps of slag, a site that’s open to the public.
    
    Now filled with water, Northland Power’s Marmora Pumped Storage project envisions construction of a closed loop, pumped hydro plant with a storage and generation facility on the site capable of producing 400 MW of clean, renewable electrical power for 5 hours.
    
    Source - Renew Economy
    
15. voda 12 april 2013 16:51

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    Anadolu Group builds 300 MW dam in Georgia
    
    Vestnik kavkaza reported that Anadolu Group will build a 300 MW dam in Georgia.
    
    Mr Kakha Kaladze, Georgian Energy Minister and Anadolu Group coordinator for energy Turben Izet Aksoy signed the construction deal, Trend reports.
    
    Anadolu Group invests in the 85 MW Paravan Dam in Samtkhe-Javakheti. The power plant produces 420 million KW per hour. It is worth USD 125 million of investments.
    
    However, construction of the Paravan Dam started in 2009 and will be completed in 2015.
    
    Source - Vestnik kavkaza
    
16. voda 8 mei 2013 16:44

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    Design for Bunji hydropower complete
    
    The News International reported that Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority has completed a detailed engineering design and tender documents of the 7,100 megawatt Bunji hydropower project and will soon initiate construction of this project, said that Wapda Chairman Mr Syed Raghib Abbas Shah in a meeting with Gilgit Baltistan Chief Secretary Mr Sajjad Saleem Hotiana at Wapda House on Monday may 6th 2013.
    
    The meeting was held to discuss various Wapda projects in Gilgit Baltistan. Mr Shah said that mega projects such as Bunji and Diamer Basha Dam will help stabilize the national economy and usher in an era of social and economic development in Gilgit Baltistan.
    
    He expressed appreciation for the cooperation being extended by the Gilgit Baltistan government in implementing Wapda projects in the region. Wapda will fulfill all its commitments vis à vis construction of the projects and resettlement of affectees.
    
    Later, implementation status of the decisions taken on January 17th 2013 was discussed in detail. The Gilgit Baltistan administration will complete the ground survey and satellite images for geographical mapping of Diamer Basha Dam Project in two weeks, it was said that. Handing over government land to Wapda was also discussed at the meeting.
    
    “In view of the significance of the resettlement of Diamer Basha Dam Project affectees, priority should be given to acquire land for construction of model villages in the area,” said that Mr Shah.Deliberations were also made about Satpara Dam, Harpo, Bashoo and Phander hydropower projects. It was decided that a study will jointly be conducted by Wapda and Gilgit Baltistan to address the issues relating to Satpara Dam. The study will also assess the future requirements of water in Skardu and adjacent areas, their fulfillment through Shatung Nullah, its environmental impact and a way forward.
    
    Source - The News International
    
17. voda 23 mei 2013 17:03

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    South Africa and Lesotho ink hydropower project deal
    
    The Kingdom of Lesotho, a small landlocked country surrounded by South Africa, has come to an agreement with its neighbor to proceed with a USD 1.3 billion hydropower project.
    
    Mr Thomas Thabane PM of Lesotho said that the 2 countries earlier this month agreed to expand the Lesotho Highlands Water Project.
    
    Mr Edna Molewa energy minister of Lesotho’s said that Lesotho will gain about 1,000 MW of electricity from the new plant, as well as an increased water supply, which will be used for new mines near Vryburg and infrastructure projects at Steelport. South Africa will also benefit from the project with an increased water supply.
    
    South Africa will build the Polihali dam and connecting tunnels, while Lesotho will build expansion components at the current Katse dam.
    
    Tenders for the construction will be issued in late 2013 or early 2014, with completion scheduled for August 2020.
    
    French engineering and construction firm Vinci Construction built the 65 kilometer long tunnels, ventilation shafts, valve chamber, water intakes, access structure and elevated surge tank.
    
    Source - www.breakbulk.com
    
18. voda 2 augustus 2013 16:46

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    Alstom to supplies 3 hydropower project in Turkey
    
    It is reported that Alstom will supply hydropower equipment to 3 projects in Turkey, valued at USD 132.6 million.
    
    The French power manufacturer will engineer and install 4 vertical Francis turbines, as well as generators and other equipment, for the 292 MW Alpaslan II project in eastern Turkey.
    
    Alstom in a statement said that the plant will be built on the Murat River in Mus city and is owned by Enerjisa, a joint venture between Sabanci and EON.
    
    The second project, Upper Kaleköy plant owned by Cengiz and Özaltin, is located near Bingöl city and will also be built on the Murat River. Alstom will supply a 30.6 MW vertical Francis turbine, generator, and the electrical balance of plant equipment.
    
    For Tepekisla, Alstom will provide two 35 MW horizontal Kaplan turbines, generators and other plant equipment. The Tepekisla project is owned by a subsidiary of Sanko Enerji and located on the river Kelkit, near the city of Tokat, in northern Turkey.
    
    Source - www.breakbulk.com
    
19. voda 19 augustus 2013 15:28

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    Ukraine power line links its hydropower plant to grid
    
    The energy ministry said that Ukraine commissioned a major power line linking its Dniester Hydroelectric Pumped Storage Power Plant, Europe’s largest such facility, with the country’s power grid.
    
    The 330 KW line cost UAH 308 million and was built with the financial support from the World Bank, which had provided one third of the financing.
    
    The line allows engaging the Dniester plant, which consumes power during night-time and generates power during peak hours, helping to save UAH 250 million annually through lower purchases of natural gas.
    
    Source - www.ukrainianjournal.com
    
20. voda 19 augustus 2013 15:31

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    President Obama Signs Pivotal Hydropower-Boosting Bills into Law
    
    08/15/2013 | Sonal Patel
    
    President Obama on Friday signed into law two bills that are designed to boost hydropower production in the U.S.
    
    H.R. 267, the “Hydropower Regulatory Efficiency Act of 2013,” modifies the Federal Power Act and the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act to promote and facilitate the development of hydroelectric power capacity. The law directs the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to explore a potential two-year licensing process for hydropower development at existing non-powered dams and closed-loop pumped storage projects. It also raises the small-hydro FERC license exemption from 5 MW to 10 MW. Additionally, it removes conduit projects under 5 MW from FERC jurisdiction while preserving public review and increases the FERC conduit license exemption to 40 MW for all projects.
    
    Significantly, the law also directs the Department of Energy to study pumped storage project opportunities to support integration of intermittent renewable resources and reliability benefits, and to study increased hydropower potential from existing conduits.
    
    H.R. 678, the ” Bureau of Reclamation Small Conduit Hydropower Development and Rural Jobs Act,” amends the Reclamation Project Act of 1939 to authorize the secretary of the interior to contract for small conduit hydropower development at Reclamation facilities.
    
    Both bills were unanimously cleared by the Senate before members adjourned for the August recess. The House also passed both measures earlier this year with overwhelming bipartisan support.
    
    According to the Energy Information Administration (EIA), conventional hydropower sources generated 218,787 GWh (8% of the nation’s total generated power) in 2012, 13% more than in 2011 (when hydropower made up a 9% share of total generation). The agency notes that hydropower production depends on water availability and can vary significantly from year to year. In October 2012, for example, power generation from non-hydro renewables surpassed conventional hydroelectricity generation for the first time.
    
    Drought-like conditions that reduce reservoir levels and stream flow can affect electric reliability in areas with a high reliance on hydroelectric capacity. Meanwhile, common impacts of high hydro generation include low power prices due to hydro’s relatively low operating costs, low demand for natural gas for power generation, and sometimes an oversupply of generation during periods of low electricity demand.
    
    The Energy Department last year suggested that if outfitted with hydroelectric power plants, more than 80,000 dams in the U.S. that do not currently produce electricity could generate an estimated 12 GW and increase existing conventional hydropower capacity by roughly 15%.
    
    The EIA says there are 40 pumped storage plants operating in the U.S. totaling more than 22 GW of storage capacity—or roughly 2% of U.S. generating capacity. Interest in building new pumped storage plants has been gaining in recent years, although construction has not yet been authorized. As of January 2012, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission had granted preliminary permits for 34 GW of pumped storage capacity over a total of 22 states, which would more than double existing capacity. There are, however, significant challenges to building new pumped storage plants, including licensing, environmental regulations, and uncertainty in long-term electric markets.
    
    Sources: POWERnews, whitehouse.gov, NHA, EIA